Emperor Hiroito
Born in Tokyo in 1901, Hirohito was Emperor of Japan from 1926al 1989, the date of his death. In 1921 he visited Europe: it was the first Japanese prince to leave the country. Upon returning home, he was appointed regent (1921-1926) due to the illness of her father. Ascended the throne December 25, 1926, called the Showatenno his reign ("brilliant era of harmony"). He married in 1924 and in 1933 she had her first son, Akihito, who later succeeded him. In the first nineteen years of his reign, Hirohito left the government in the hands of a military elite, whose expansionist policies led to the outbreak of war with China (1937-1945) and later the military alliance with the Axis powers ( 1940), involving Japan in World War II. The first real political initiative taken by the emperor was in August 1945, when personally asked the government to accept the Potsdam declaration for the unconditional surrender of Japan. On August 14, 1945 (according to the Japanese calendar), speaking on the radio, turned for the first time the people and the Allies announced the unconditional surrender of the country propio. Hirohito cooperated with the enemy forces of occupation, turning the country into a democratic nation. On 1 January 1946 to publicly deny the divine character of his authority and the year after he promulgated the new constitution, which established a constitutional monarchy. His role was so limited almost exclusively to ceremonial functions, but he worked hard to restore the prestige of the imperial family, has been affected by the alliance with the military. Although he was indirectly involved in the plans for Japanese war, the Allies agreed not to sue in court during the trials of war crimes 1946-1948, limited to process, General Hideki Tojo, who was prime minister at the time of the war and was sentenced to death. Following Hirohito and his wife, the intensified contacts with the Japanese population and in the decade between 1970 and 1980, the imperial couple traveled to Western Europe and the United States conducting diplomatic visits about friendship and reconciliation.
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Isoroku Ymamamoto
Born in 1884, participated in the Russo-Japanese naval 1905.Addetto in Washington, is the latest Vice-Minister of the Navy and is opposed to the alliance of Japan with the Axis powers. Appointed commander of the Japanese Combined Fleet in 1939, Yamamoto lsoroku is (despite his opposition to a conflict with the United States), the creator of the plan of attack on Pearl Harbor. Most outstanding personality of the Japanese General Staff, has staunch supporter the weapons program and the importance of naval aircraft carriers in the conflict that Japan is about to unleash. He won the Battle of Java Sea fleet against the Dutch, but was defeated in the Coral Sea and Midway. Il18 April 1943, the bomber on which Yamamoto was flying over the Solomon Islands is shot down by American fighters and crashed in the jungle. One million people attend the funeral of Admiral Tokyo. -------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------
Tomoyuki YAMASHITA
Born in 1885, he attended the Military Academy of Hiroshima and the Japanese War College military and held different positions, doing service as posted in Switzerland, Germany and Austria. In the twenties, joins right-wing organization, which seeks the establishment of a military government in Japan and in 1936 attempted a coup. Not directly involved in the conspiracy, is punishable only by measures that slow down your career. Soon, however, he manages to emerge again, gaining a wide reputation, especially among the young officers, and in 1937 was promoted to lieutenant generale.Temendone popularity, the War Minister Tojo sends it in 1940 in Italy and Germany. Stronger reputation for shrewd strategist, he was appointed general commander of the armed XXV in 1941. At the beginning of 1942 wins Malaysia, with a campaign lasted only 54 days. His troops (70,000 men) perform an advanced unexpected opening the road through the jungle, overcoming enormous environmental problems and allowing them to create a company that thought impossible. British troops, Australian, Indian and Malaysian must succumb to the aggressive Japanese formations, a tactic that with the aggressive attack from all directions, taking them by surprise. Then Yamashita wins Singapore also: in a dramatic encounter, the British put in front of a tough ultimatum, and it gets made Feb. 15, 1942. The Japanese captured over 80,000 prisoners and seized a large quantity of arms and ammunition, their losses seem rather limited in comparison. Cade thus the largest of the British bases in the Far East, which is the main obstacle to the expansion of Japan to the south-west, the way to the final statement of "greater East Asia" now seems open. In his diary shows quite critical Yamashita organization and efficiency of the Japanese and the validity of some of his generals, and haunted by the suspicion that in Tokyo and in the highest political and military maneuvers are under way against him. 
While in England Churchill appeared before the House of Commons to announce a historic defeat, Yamashita (henceforth called Ia "Tiger of Malaysia") is elevated to the rank of national hero by the Japanese press, his reputation raises concerns among those who fear the political rise, and again if shall decide to leave the country in July 1942 was sent to command the armies allocated in Manchukuo, with a mandate to defend the region from a possible Soviet offensive. The general returned to the fore in 1944 when he was appointed supreme commander of the Philippines, with the task of completing another impossible task, that of defending the U.S. from the assault area. During the long battle of Leyte, his troops oppose fierce resistance to U.S. forces. After learning from the radio that Japan had capitulated, continues to fight until September 2, 1945, before being presented to the Americans, to deliver the performance in the hands of General Jonathan Wainwright.
After the war, Yamashita is accused of violating the laws of war, for failing to control "the operations of the members of his command, permitting them to commit brutal atrocities and other serious crimes against the people of the United States and its allies, and particularly the Philippines. " His passionate defense, also based on objections unconstitutional about the judicial proceedings, be ineffective. Sentenced to death by hanging, appealed unsuccessfully to the U.S. Supreme Court. Was executed on February 23, 1946.
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Sanjl Iwabachi
Sanjl Iwabachi - third from left, captured by the Allies
Appointed admiral in 1943 after the battles of Midway and Guadalcanal, commanding the Japanese naval forces in the Philippines. He died in Manila in February 1945, while 15,000 men under his command opposed a fierce resistance, house by house, to attack the Americans, killing tens of thousands in a month of Filipinos.
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MINEICHI KOGA
After having played a role important in the conquest of Hong Kong and the Philippines, became Commander in Chief Fleet Admiral death Yamamoto, in May 1943. Give up the offensive strategy to focus efforts on creating a system of fortifications to defend the islands. He died falling with the airplane that transports him to Singapore to organize the defense.
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Koiso Kuniaki
General, commanding the Japanese army in Manchuria from 1932 to 1934 and is the minister of colonial development from 1939 to 1940 and then governor general of Korea. In October 1944 he was appointed to the post of Prime Minister Tojo, and holds office until April 1945, seeking to create the conditions for peace negoziata.Verrà sentenced to life imprisonment for war crimes.
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Yosuke Matsuoka
Ambassador of Japan to the League of Nations, defended the invasion of Manchuria by the troops nipponiche . Foreign Minister in 1940-41 signs the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy. In April 1941 the signing non-aggression treaty with the Soviet Union. He resigned before Pearl Harbor and at the end of the conflict, is accused of war crimes but he died before trial.
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Hideki Tojo
son of a general officer will be for several years military in Germany and since 1937 the head of the Japanese Army in China. A supporter of the war, in 1938 became Chief of Army Staff, then Secretary of War in 1940, when he concludes an alliance with Germany and Italy. Prime Minister in October 1941, concentrated in his hands even the posts of minister War, industry and education. Decide the attack on Pearl Harbor and the United States remains the real leader of Japan until July 1944 when he resigned after the defeat of Saipan.Alla end of the war, after a suicide attempt, was sentenced to death for crimes against humanity. Will be executed in 1948.
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